Umutekano muke wumusaruro - amacumbi meza

Mu ntangiriro z'ikinyejana cya 21, ikamyo itwara amoniya itwara amazi mu ruganda rw'ifumbire mu ntara runaka yo mu Ntara ya Shandong yatunguye mu buryo butunguranye icyuma cyoroshye gihuza ikamyo n'ikigega cyo kubika amoniya mu gihe cyo gupakurura, bituma amoniya menshi y’amazi ava. Iyi mpanuka yatumye hapfa abantu 4, abantu barenga 30 bararoga, kandi abantu barenga 3.000 bimurwa byihutirwa bakimurwa. Nimpanuka isanzwe iterwa nibibazo byamazu yoroheje akoreshwa mugupakira gaze ya gaze no gupakurura.

Nk’uko iperereza ryabigaragaje, mu gihe cyo kugenzura buri gihe ibikoresho bidasanzwe kuri sitasiyo yuzuza gaze, ibigo by’ubugenzuzi n’abakozi bakunze kwibanda ku kugenzura no gupima ibigega byabitswe na gaze, gaze zisigaye n’ibigega by’amazi, no kuzuza imiyoboro y’icyuma, mu gihe hagenzurwa imizigo no gupakurura ama shitingi, nibice byumutekano wa sisitemu yuzuye, akenshi birengagizwa. Amenshi mu mizigo yo gupakira no gupakurura ntabwo yujuje ubuziranenge kandi ni ibicuruzwa bike biva ku isoko. Mugukoresha, bahura nizuba byoroshye cyangwa bikangirika nimvura na shelegi, biganisha ku gusaza vuba, kwangirika, no guturika kandi bikunze guturika mugihe cyo gupakurura. Iki kibazo cyashimishije cyane ibigo by’igihugu bishinzwe kugenzura umutekano w’ibikoresho n’ibigo bishinzwe ubugenzuzi. Kugeza ubu, leta yazamuye ibipimo nganda.

Ibisabwa mu bikorwa by’umutekano:

Amazi yuzuye ya gaze yuzuye ya tanker yipakurura no gupakurura imashini igomba kwemeza ko ibice bihuye nigikoresho bishobora kwihanganira uburyo bukoreshwa. Isano iri hagati ya hose nimpande zombi zifatanije igomba kuba ikomeye. Umuvuduko ukabije wa hose ntugomba kurenza inshuro enye umuvuduko wakazi wa sisitemu yo gupakira no gupakurura. Igikoresho kigomba kugira umuvuduko mwiza, kurwanya amavuta, hamwe no kudakora neza, ntigomba kugira ihinduka, gusaza, cyangwa ibibazo byo guhagarika. Mbere yuko ibicuruzwa biva mu ruganda, uwabikoze agomba gukora ibizamini ku mbaraga zingana, kurambura igihe cyo kuruhuka, imikorere yo kugabanura ubushyuhe buke, coefficient yo gusaza, imbaraga zifatika, kurwanya amavuta, umuvuduko w’ibiro nyuma yo guhura hagati, imikorere ya hydraulic, imikorere yamenetse ya hose n'ibiyigize. Isoko ntigomba kugira ibintu bidasanzwe nkibibyimba, ibisebe, spongness, delamination, cyangwa bigaragara. Niba hari ibisabwa byihariye, bigomba kugenwa hifashishijwe inama hagati yumuguzi nuwabikoze. Amabati yose yo gupakurura no gupakurura agomba kuba agizwe nigice cyimbere gikozwe muri reberi yubukorikori irwanya gaze ya gazi ihwanye, ibice bibiri cyangwa byinshi byo gushimangira insinga zicyuma (harimo ibice bibiri), hamwe na reberi yo hanze ikozwe muri reberi yubukorikori kandi irwanya ikirere cyiza cyane . Igikoresho cyo hanze gishobora nanone gushimangirwa hamwe nigitambara gifasha (urugero: igice kimwe cyumurongo wimbaraga zongerwaho imbaraga hiyongereyeho urwego rwo gukingira hanze, hamwe n’inyongera y’icyuma kirinda ibyuma bitagira umwanda nacyo gishobora kongerwamo).

Kugenzura no gukoresha ibisabwa:

Ikizamini cya hydraulic yikigereranyo cyo gupakurura no gupakurura kigomba gukorwa byibuze rimwe mumwaka inshuro 1.5 umuvuduko wikigega, mugihe cyo gufata kitarenze iminota 5. Nyuma yo gutsinda ikizamini, hagomba gukorwa ikizamini cyo gukomera kuri gaze kuri shitingi no gupakurura ku gishushanyo mbonera cya tank. Mubisanzwe, imashini zipakurura no gupakurura amakamyo yikamyo kuri sitasiyo zuzuzwa zigomba kuvugururwa buri myaka ibiri kuri sitasiyo zuzura kenshi, ama hose agomba kuvugururwa buri mwaka. Mugihe uguze ama shitingi mashya yo gupakurura no gupakurura, abakoresha bagomba guhitamo ibicuruzwa bifite icyemezo cyujuje ibyangombwa nibyemezo byatanzwe nishami rishinzwe kugenzura ubuziranenge. Nyuma yo kugura, amabati agomba kugenzurwa no kwemezwa n’ikigo cyihariye gishinzwe kugenzura ibikoresho by’ibanze mbere yuko akoreshwa Niba amapine yo gupakira no gupakurura yatwawe n’ikamyo ya tanker akoreshwa mu gupakurura, umuyobozi wa tekinike cyangwa nyiri sitasiyo yuzuye. ugomba kubanza kugenzura ikamyo ya gaze yapakiye gukoresha icyemezo, uruhushya rwo gutwara, uruhushya rwo guherekeza, kuzuza inyandiko, raporo yubugenzuzi buri mwaka yikamyo yikamyo, hamwe nicyemezo cyubugenzuzi ipakira ipakurura, hanyuma ikemeza ko ikamyo, abakozi, na impamyabumenyi ya hose iri mugihe cyemewe mbere yo kwemerera ibikorwa byo gupakurura

Tekereza akaga mugihe cyumutekano, kandi nip ibibazo bishobora kumera! Mu myaka yashize, impanuka z'umutekano mu nganda nkibiryo ,, na injeniyeri yimiti byagaragaye kenshi. Nubwo hari impamvu nkibikorwa bidakwiye byakozwe nababikora nibikoresho bishaje, ikibazo cyibikoresho byo hasi ntigishobora kwirengagizwa! amazi yingirakamaro atanga ibikoresho mu nganda zinyuranye, ingofero ntizabura kuzana ejo hazaza h '"ubuziranenge" mugihe cyo kugenderaho no kuzamura ibikoresho.